Effects of entrepreneurs' networking with national values on job growth expectations: A two-level analysis for the MENA region and Denmark

Abstract

Over the last three decades, the literature has dealt with the roles of networks and advisors in business success. This paper investigates the effect of networking on job growth aspirations of early-stage entrepreneurs in Denmark and 14 countries in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. Data are provided by the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) teams in these countries. The paper uses a two-level hierarchical linear regression model. The results highlight the important factors affecting growth expectations, including networking effects. These results are consistent with the literature findings and may also add new features to entrepreneurship research.