Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11889/4793
Title: Wastewater management overview in the Occupied Palestinian Territory
Authors: Samhan, Samhan
Al-Sa'ed, Rashed
Assaf, K.
Friese, K.
Keywords: Water reuse - Political aspects - Palestine;Sewage disposal - Palestine;Sewage - Purification - Efficiency - Palestine;Sanitation - Palestine
Issue Date: 2011
Publisher: Springer Verlag Berlin, Heidelberg, Germany
Source: In: D. Darcelò and M. Petrovic (Eds.). The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg.
Abstract: current wastewater treatment plants, established during 1970–1980 under the Israeli occupation, are overloaded and badly maintained with aging equipment, thus posing serious environmental and public health hazards. The challenges behind this unsustainable wastewater sector are exacerbated by the lack of institutional coordination reflected by multiple stakeholder involvement leading to institutional fragmentation and lack of coordination. By law, the Palestinian Water Authority (PWA) is responsible for all regulatory, planning, monitoring, research, and training functions. Despite the current valid Palestinian effluent quality standards, urgent efforts pertaining to effluent monitoring and regulations enforcement are needed. To promote feasible wastewater treatment facilities (WWTFs) crucial strategic regulatory and planning policies were stipulated. Wastewater should be collected, treated, and reused where feasible and the design of WWTFs should be modular and community-based with effluent use options. The institutional capacity for implementing and enforcement of water-related rules and regulations should be enhanced. WWTFs including reuse schemes form a key element of an integrated water management strategy with coordinated institutional cooperation. The PWA is committed to sanitation services enhancement in the Palestinian communities to protect public health and the aquatic environment, where the reclaimed effluent must be used for various applications. Effluent reuse practices protect not only the limited water resources, but also enrich the quality and quantity of groundwater and the receiving water bodies; groundwater and surface water.
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11889/4793
ISBN: 978-3-642-18281-5
Appears in Collections:Institute of Environmental and Water Studies

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